Due to requirements of high-tech products such as computer manufacturing , production of chips , circuit boards , semiconductor technology ... or the drugs in the pharmaceutical , medical devices , hospital operating room , all this requires accommodations to control dust levels , these pollutants at a permitted level . Meanwhile , investment in an air conditioning system standard for this type of room is not an easy task , requiring the design consultants air conditioning systems must have knowledge , experience and energy forces in the field
For clean room , design consultants need to address five key problem is the temperature ( temperature ) , moisture ( humidity ) , pressure room ( Room Pressurization ) , cleanliness ( Cleanliness ) and cross contamination issues ( cross- contamination ) .In designing air conditioners normally only solve two main problems are temperature and humidity , in fact, moisture problems are not reaching as far as design requirements . But in the clean room , the temperature outside , the humidity in the room demanding a lot more .
The main differences between the clean room and HVAC common are:
1.
Room Pressurization
The main task is preventing the air, dust particles, infectious agents ... from room to room area more dirty, cleaner areas. Move basic principles of air from high-pressure place to place with low pressure. So there is room cleaner level is higher pressure and vice versa. To control room there is usually pressure gauges pressure, when pressure exceeds room automatically ejected through vents blow (Pass-Through grilles). Often, the rooms have new requirements associated high winds blow mouth. Creating pressure in the design room to pay attention to columns and fan pressure difference between the air supply and return in cleanrooms. In the pharmaceutical plant design WHO-GMP standards (World Health Organization Good Manufacturing Practice), the pressure levels respectively + (15Pa), ++ (30Pa), +++ (45Pa).
2.
Cleanliness
Room Cleanliness line determined by two factors is the number of exchange or multiples wind circulation (Air Changes per Hour) and Filters. Normally for air conditioning for office buildings can be 2 to 10 times. But in the clean room, the number of times air exchange up to 20 times, especially in the clean room for manufacturing chips up to 100 times. Increased frequency of exchange to reduce the concentration of wind dust particles, pollutants generated in the room, clean room so the texture is different from the office building. Request rooms with different levels of cleanliness, the number of air exchanges are also different. For example in pharmaceutical factory dressing area with clean E level (black level) there is room pressure + (15Pa), the air exchange is 10 times, while dispensing with room cleanliness level C ++ room pressure (30Pa), the wind is 20 times exchanged, H12 grade filters. Filters whose mission is to filter out the dust particles of the air before entering the room. Depending on the requirements of all kinds of clean rooms that use filters accordingly. Normally the rooms in the pharmaceutical factory using high performance filters HEPA (High Efficiency Particle Air). Place the filter can be attached at the AHU or each room.
3. Cross-Contamination
To understand one defines cross-contamination contamination . Contamination is the contamination ( put into ) unwanted impurities or chemical nature of microorganisms , or foreign particulate into or onto a starting material or intermediate in the production process , sampling , packaging , storage and transport. Such cross-contamination is the contamination of a starting material , intermediate products , or finished with a starting material or other products in the production process . The cause of contamination can both outside and inside .
Cross-contamination issue is complicated for pharmaceutical plant room and in the hospital operating room . The high-tech clean room for less than a lot by only one type of product produced in a large area .
In fact, Vietnam pharmaceutical factories produce too many different drugs in the same room should require very high levels of cleanliness and contamination issues become difficult to control. The settlement of cross-contamination is solved 10 problems, plus the creation of pressure in the room.